What is Git?

Git is a free and open source distributed version control framework intended to deal with everything from little to extremely huge tasks with speed and effectiveness. Git is a distributed version control framework for following changes in source code during programming advancement. It is intended for organizing work among software engineers, yet it tends to be utilized to follow changes in any arrangement of records. Its objectives incorporate speed, data integrity, and support for distributed, non-direct work processes.

Architecture of Git

To understand the architecture of Git, let us understand how the VCS work (Version Control System). Generally VCS works by having two places to Store the things.

1. Repository
2. Working Copy

• Repository  is where all the variant of the documents, submits, logs and so forth is stored. It is also saved in a disk and has its own set of files.
• We can't change or get the documents in a repository straight forwardly. In ready to recover a particular record from that point, we need to checkout. Checking-out  is the way toward getting records from repository to your working duplicate. This is on the grounds that you can possibly alter records when it is on your working duplicate.
• At the point when you are finished altering the record, you will save it back to the repository by commiting it. Committing is the process of putting back the files from working copy to repository.
• Git has also the Working Copy and Repository as well, but it had added an extra tree in between.
• In 3 Tree Architecture , We have new tree called Staging. So what is Staging for? Staging tree (usually termed as Staging area) is a place where you prepare all the things that you are going to commit.

Components of Git

There are 3 main Components in Git as mentioned below.

1. Working Tree
2. Index
3. Repository

The working tree or working registry, comprises of documents that you are at present working on it. You can think about a working tree as a document framework where you can view and change records.

The index or staging region, is the place submits are prepared. The index compare at the records in the working tree to the documents in the repo. When you make a change in the working tree, the index marks the file as modified before it is committed.

The repository, or repo, is the "container" that tracks the progressions to your project files. It holds all the commmits—a preview of every one of your documents at a point in time—that have been made.

How to Install Git?

We shall install Git from the system default repositories, and make sure that your system is up-to-date with the latest version of packages by running the YUM package manager update command below

To install Git version 2 in Red hat Linux, you need to download and install endpoint-repo-1.7-1.x86_64.rpm. You can click here to download the repository.

Once download is finished, run below command to install the repository.

Then install the Git version  by using below command.

Rpm –ivh  git-2.24.1-1

Now the Git version 2 is installed and ready to use.